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Best Civilizations, Countries, and Empires of All Time

This selection pertains to the greatest nation IN HUMAN HISTORY, rather than the current era. Please bear this distinction in mind and cast your ballot for the sovereign state you consider to have exerted the most profound and positive influence on global history. The options span from ancient Mesopotamia and the Roman Empire to the modern United States.

1
Sudan
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11%
4,962
Home to the ancient Kingdom of Kush, Sudan boasts one of the world's oldest civilizations along the Nile. Its landscape is defined by the unique Meroë pyramids and a deep cultural fusion between African and Arab traditions, serving as a historic crossroads for trade and influence in Northeast Africa for millennia.
1
Sudan
Home to the ancient Kingdom of Kush, Sudan boasts one of the world's oldest civilizations along the Nile. Its landscape is defined by the unique Meroë pyramids and a deep cultural fusion between African and Arab traditions, serving as a historic crossroads for trade and influence in Northeast Africa for millennia.
👑
11%
4,962
2
Scotland
👑
11%
4,645
Known for its rugged highlands, deep-rooted clan traditions, and distinct Gaelic heritage, this northern nation has significantly shaped global literature, philosophy, and engineering. Despite its complex history of resistance and union, Scotland maintains a unique cultural identity that resonates worldwide through its iconic music, folklore, and scientific contributions.
2
Scotland
Known for its rugged highlands, deep-rooted clan traditions, and distinct Gaelic heritage, this northern nation has significantly shaped global literature, philosophy, and engineering. Despite its complex history of resistance and union, Scotland maintains a unique cultural identity that resonates worldwide through its iconic music, folklore, and scientific contributions.
👑
11%
4,645
3
Greece
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10%
4,484
Birthplace of Western democracy, philosophy, and theater, Ancient Greece laid the foundational pillars for modern political and intellectual life. Its profound influence persists through art, science, and the Olympic games, marking this Mediterranean powerhouse as an enduring architect of human civilization and historical progress.
3
Greece
Birthplace of Western democracy, philosophy, and theater, Ancient Greece laid the foundational pillars for modern political and intellectual life. Its profound influence persists through art, science, and the Olympic games, marking this Mediterranean powerhouse as an enduring architect of human civilization and historical progress.
👑
10%
4,484
4
Peru
👑
10%
4,460
Home to the powerful Inca Empire, this region is a cradle of civilization featuring the monumental stone masonry of Machu Picchu and complex agricultural terraces. Its profound archaeological legacy, vibrant indigenous traditions, and historical significance in the Andes define it as a cornerstone of South American heritage and human innovation.
4
Peru
Home to the powerful Inca Empire, this region is a cradle of civilization featuring the monumental stone masonry of Machu Picchu and complex agricultural terraces. Its profound archaeological legacy, vibrant indigenous traditions, and historical significance in the Andes define it as a cornerstone of South American heritage and human innovation.
👑
10%
4,460
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